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We identify hallucination in AI models of fluid dynamics using the canonical problem of hydrodynamically unstable transport known as viscous fingering. AI-based modeling of flow with instabilities remains challenging…
Premature epigenetic aging has been linked to poorer cognitive performance, but the neuroanatomical pathways underlying this association remain unclear. Therefore, we tested whether premature epigenetic aging predicts…
The estimated glucose disposal rate (eGDR) is associated with the incidence of incident stroke (IS). However, its role in predicting IS within the Circadian Syndrome (CircS), a multisystem metabolic disorder, remains…
Opioid use disorder remains a health crisis with high risk of relapse and mortality, and new therapeutic options beyond the current standard of care are needed. Here, we present results from a pilot cohort of an opioid…
Nicotinamide has demonstrated pain-relieving effectiveness in osteoarthritis (OA) patients. However, there are no data on the mechanism of its analgesic effect. We aimed to examine the behavioral/cardiac effects of…
Tracking and analyzing animal behaviour is a crucial step in fields such as neuroscience and developmental biology. Behavioural studies in the nematode C. elegans, for example, help in understanding how organisms respond…
Dopamine (DA) is a key modulator of prefrontal cortex function, yet how distinct dopaminergic states shape the temporal organization of cortical population activity during behavior remains poorly understood. We combined…
The circadian clock is present throughout the body, including the intestine, where it regulates daily physiology through rhythmic gene expression. The large intestine (colon) is composed of many functionally distinct…
For more than half a century, glaucoma management has relied on a single number: the value of intraocular pressure (IOP) [1]. However, the value we consider with such confidence is not one we ever directly measure! In…
Retinal degeneration results in irreversible visual impairment. In a neurodegenerative animal model, xanthine oxidoreductase inhibitor application reduced disease severity. The present study examined the effect of a…
Astrocyte-derived protein, S100B exerts neurotrophic and neuroprotective effects at physiological concentrations but may promote neuroinflammation and damage when dysregulated. Given its potential role in the…
Psychedelic drugs, such as lysergic acid diethylamide and psilocybin, have emerged as potentially transformative therapeutics for various neuropsychiatric conditions, including depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress…
The insular cortex has become an increasingly important focus of neuroscientific research because of its broad involvement in psychological and behavioral processes and its dysfunction in neuropsychiatric, developmental…
Glioma pathophysiology is robustly regulated by interactions with neurons. Key to these interactions is the role of neuroligin-3 (NLGN3), a synaptic adhesion molecule shed in response to neuronal activity that functions…
Comorbid depressive symptoms are highly prevalent in patients with chronic colitis, posing a major clinical challenge because pain and depression often fail to respond to the same treatment. However, the neural…
The initiation and maintenance of pain involves complex neuroimmune interactions, with myeloid cell output finetuning the balance between pronociceptive and antinociceptive signaling. Fatty acid binding protein 5 (FABP5)…
Hearing loss is a major modifiable risk factor for cognitive decline and dementia in older adults. This prospective cohort study evaluated five-year cognitive trajectories in individuals aged ≥ 55 years with bilateral…
At Duke University, Sharon Gerechtâs group wanted to construct an in vitro model to study the iBRB. For reproducibility, they needed a stable and consistent supply of both retinal pericytes (RPCs) and RECs. Protocols…
Aging is the most significant factor affecting an individual’s cognitive function. This study aimed to explore the association between light BioAge, a novel indicator to assess aging, and the risk of cognitive impairment…
A DNA tile consists of four double helices that stack together to form a pore with a diameter of 0.8 nanometers. When modified with cholesterol, they can anchor into membranes and mimic ion channels. Jayant says that…
Numerosity perception enables us to quickly estimate the number of objects in a visual scene, a fundamental skill supporting efficient interaction with the environment. In this study, we tracked how the human brain…
Maladaptive self-beliefs are a core symptom of major depressive disorder. These beliefs are perpetuated by a negatively biased integration of self-related feedback. Understanding the neurocomputational mechanisms of…
The sociopolitical environment can act as a potent stressor with significant consequences for health and well-being. Of increasing global relevance in this context is soft political repression, including denunciation and…
âMany studies reported null results for the first generation of epigenetic clocks, raising questions about the underlying hypothesis as well as the validity of the clocks themselves,â explains co-author Daniel…
Evidence shows that non-right-handed children are more likely to present with neurodevelopmental conditions compared to their peers, possibly because of brain lateralization differences. This, in turn, suggests that…
Mental well-being and resilience are closely interrelated constructs that shape university studentsâ ability to cope with academic and social challenges. Although prior studies have documented a positive association…
Social connections are essential for well-being, particularly in middle-aged and older adults, but maintaining them becomes challenging due to shrinking social networks and physical limitations that hinder participation…
Researchers and policymakers face substantial challenges in selecting methods for conducting remote surveys, particularly when collecting sensitive information, reaching hard-to-access populations, during emergencies, or…
Speech analysis is promising for detecting psychiatric symptoms, yet challenged in neurological disorders because of associated motor and cognitive impairments. Here, we used Huntingtonâs disease (HD), an inherited…
This mixed-methods study aims to explore the motivation behind Chinese university studentsâ participation in short-term study abroad (STSA) programs. It is based on the theory of planned behavior (TPB) and…
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